What is Darurah in Islamic Finance? If someone faces a life-threatening emergency and all halal options are exhausted, does Islamic law permit taking an interest-based loan?

Darurah is the Islamic principle of necessity. Our Shariah Board Chairman ruled: "Darurah is a state of compulsion in which there is a genuine threat to life, wealth, religion, intellect or lineage. To the extent that genuine compulsion is established, prohibited matters become permissible to that same degree. Medical emergencies relate to preservation of life and therefore fall within Darurah. Whatever is prohibited becomes permissible to the degree that necessity requires, not beyond it." Darurah is a genuine scholarly principle but applies only in genuine life-threatening emergencies where no halal alternative exists whatsoever. It is not a general permission for convenience.